In a typical driving restriction, vehicle use is restricted based on the vehicle’s license plate; one cannot drive vehicles with certain license plate numbers on certain days. Driving restrictions have been used as a method to reduce urban air pollution or traffic congestion because they are...

This paper bridges the gap between two-country Ricardian trade models where differences in environmental policies create pollution havens in a poorer region with weaker pollution regulations, and 2x2 Heckscher-Ohlin models that predict under certain conditions that pollution havens may occur in...

This paper bridges the gap between two-country Ricardian trade models where differences in environmental policies create pollution havens in a poorer region with weaker pollution regulations, and 2 × 2 Heckscher-Ohlin models that predict under certain conditions that pollution havens may...