Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine and compare current culinary student, graduated culinary student, and industry responses to educational skills attained. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses a survey methodology to examine perceptions of what and how institutions...

Instruments may be designed to use either Likert-type items (ratings) or ranks to obtain priority rankings of items. Models commonly used in generalizability theory (GT) provide a basis for assessing the reliability of item measurements based on ratings. However, these commonly used models do...