Company mergers and acquisitions are often perceived to act as catalysts for corporate growth in free markets systems: it is conventional wisdom that those activities lead to better and more efficient markets. However, the broad adoption of this perception into corporate strategy is prone to...

Understanding cities is central to addressing major global challenges from climate and health to economic resilience. Although increasingly perceived as fundamental socio-economic units, the detailed fabric of urban economic activities is only now accessible to comprehensive analyses with the...

In previous work, it has been proposed that urban structures may be understood as a result of self-organization principles. In particular, researchers have identified fractal structures of public transportation networks and land use patterns. Here, we will study spatial distribution systems for...

The divergence of the perturbation series in quantum field theory is reviewed and an argument presented showing that, at least in the unrenormalised theory, it must be asymptotic in the Poincaré sense. Some basic concepts of asymptotic series are reviewed. By combining momentum analyticity with...

The existence of fractal-like networks effectively endows life with an additional fourth spatial dimension. This is the origin of quarter-power scaling which is so pervasive in biology. Organisms have evolved hierarchical networks which terminate in invariant units, such as capillaries, leaves,...

A prominent feature of comparative life histories in the well documented negative correlation between growth rate and life span [1,2]. Patterns of resource allocation during growth reflect life-history differences between species [1,2]. This is particularly striking in tropical forests, where...

Scaling relationships describing variation in population density with body size in ecological communities, such as the thinning-law in plant ecology, can be explained in terms of how individuals use resources as a function of their size. Data for rates of xylem transport as a function of stem...

Allometric scaling relationships, including the $3/4$-power law for metabolic rates, which are characteristic of all organisms, are derived from a general model that describes how essential materials are transported through space-filling fractal networks of branching tubes. The model assumes...