This paper revisits the earlier assessments of the Palma Proposition and the ‘Palma Ratio’. The former is a proposition … poorest 40 per cent. In this paper we do the following: note the use already being made of the Palma Ratio; consider the issue …

- a "19th Century statistic" - which has subsequently become known as the ´Palma Ratio'. In this new article, I revisit … of the middle and upper-middle around the world - the foundation of the so-called 'Palma Ratio' - is an historically … logic of the 'Palma Ratio' is precisely to emphasise this fact - as well as to draw attention to the increasingly artificial …