particular, we look for evidence of financial constraints that limit real investment and attempt to identify the effect of … different ownership and governance structures. The empirical results indicate significant financial constraints even among the …

become subject to increasing direct private costs. We take this as evidence consistent with the influence of financial … constraints on decisions to attend college. …

financial constraints mainly to smooth negative cashflow shocks. …

sensitivities for the identification of financial constraints. Using the autumn and the spring wave of the Ifo Institute … financing conditions. Financial constraints affect the distribution of investment over time in a fundamental way. Following a … on Schworm?s (1980) model of optimal investment under financial constraints, we use it to test the empirical content of …