We examine the impact of multinational oil companies' (MOCs) corporate social responsibility (CSR) using global memorandum of understanding (GMoU) on mitigating the resurgence of intercommunal violence in Niger Delta, Nigeria. Using explanatory research design, the study adopted mixed methods to...

This paper investigates the relationship between external debt and energy access in the Sub-Saharan African countries over the period 1999-2021. Results from the dynamic panel threshold method indicates that the link between external debt and energy access is nonlinear. Moreover, the findings...