Manufacturing firms face complex after‐sales challenges, including spare part shortages. While additive manufacturing …

to the low volume and mass customization potential, additive manufacturing (AM) processes have experienced exponential …

observations at the end of the sample period. It focuses on comparing two outlier correction methods, additive outliers and … study empirically demonstrates that cointegrated vector autoregressive models incorporating additive outlier corrections … consumption. Theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulations further support these findings, showing that additive outlier …