Prior research on the demand for life insurance in household portfolio holdings has not made a clear distinction between portfolio shifts resulting from active allocation decisions and those resulting from passive acceptance. Our study examines the relationship between household portfolio...

This study explores an innovative approach to portfolio optimization, bridging traditional Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) with advanced Machine Learning techniques. We start by recognizing the significance of Markowitz's model in MPT and quickly proceed to focus on the Hierarchical Risk Parity...

We test the out-of-sample trading performance of model-free reinforcement learning (RL) agents and compare them with the performance of equally-weighted portfolios and traditional mean-variance (MV) optimization benchmarks. By dividing European and U.S. indices constituents into factor datasets,...