This study analyzes the trilateral relationship between macroeconomic variables of oil prices, stock market index, and exchange rate to demonstrate their behavior and inter-relationship in the economic setup of Pakistan. The investigated period includes daily time series data ranging from 4...

Indonesia ranks sixth globally in terms of wealth distribution inequality. Changes in human capital development may affect labor force efficiency and productivity as well as wages and income inequality levels. This study applies a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model to data...

This study examines the potential relationship between inflation and remittance outflows in Saudi Arabia over the period 1971-2019 by applying the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. As a pioneering study in Saudi Arabia, the paper addresses an important literature gap. The statistical...

This research article explores the mediating role of stock market indexes on the link between exchange rate variations and oil prices by utilizing unrestricted VAR. Previously mainstream research only explained the direct dynamism between the two variables. However, any transmission mechanism...

The relationship between public sector expenditure and economic growth for several decades past is still relevant today and continues to be a topic of debate among policy-makers and researchers. We examine the impact of government expenditure on economic growth in Ghana using data from 1970 to...

This paper aims to examine macroeconomic and bank-specific determinants of non-performing loans (NPLs) in the case of the Republic of North Macedonia. Following the respective literature review that indicates the GDP and the unemployment rate as the most relevant macroeconomic variables, and...

Having an exchange rate close to its equilibrium is critical for foreign investors and policymakers during times of macroeconomic instability. This study measures the real exchange rate (RER) misalignment in eight Pakistani manufacturing industries from January 2002 to June 2020. The ARDL...

Natural gas plays important role in the global energy sources, hence understanding its price behavior is important to various economic agents. This study examined whether rational bubbles existed in the three major natural gas markets by employing Fourier unit root tests and a nonparametric rank...

Theoretically based on national income accounting identities, the Feldstein-Horioka hypothesis downplays, if not totally ignores, the influence of monetary factors on international capital mobility. Recognizing the historical development of economics and the institutional arrangements of the...