The purpose of this research paper is to explore what constitutes being quot;born global.quot; The authors approach the born global phenomenon by applying ideas presented in existing international entrepreneurship, business, and marketing literatures. In addition, the paper illustrates how...

Efforts to understand the structure of the emerging knowledge economy have paid particular attention to the shifting boundary between academic and commercial (for-profit) research, especially in life sciences. Yet, empirical studies have tended to adopt a segmented approach, focusing on either...

This paper is now published as:Bernauer, Thomas, Meins, Erika. 2003. Technological Revolution Meets Policy and the Market: Explaining Cross-National Differences in Agricultural Biotechnology Regulation. European Journal of Political Research 42/5:643-683.Please read and cite the published...

Intro -- INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY -- CONTENTS -- LIST OF TABLES -- LIST OF FIGURES -- LIST OF BOXES -- PREFACE -- ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS -- GLOSSARY -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- Overview and Principal Findings -- Liquid Bio Fuels -- Bio-based Chemicals -- INTRODUCTION -- BOX 1-1. CURRENT ISSUES...

Synthetic biology is at such an early stage of development that there is no uniform agreement as yet about what it actually is. To some, it represents a natural extension of genetic engineering, and therefore is “business as usual”. For others, it is a way to bring mass manufacturing out...

The paper maintains that biotechnology regions develop as complex systems: they start with star scientists in research universities, generating knowledge spillovers, then move progressively towards regional technology markets. In the process they attract venture capital (or modify the behaviour...

The dynamics of national innovation systems (NISs) are a source of considerable academic and policy interest, especially when to address new competitive challenges they involve changing institutions and relationships within successful systems. This paper examines the case of Taiwan which is...

Today, universities around the world find themselves going beyond the traditional roles of research and teaching to drive the development of local economies through collaborations with industry. At a time when regions with universities are seeking best practices among their peers, Shiri M....

Most of the medicines available in market are generic in nature and has no valid patent. Their patent has either expired or not enforced. Therefore, any pharmaceutical or biotechnological company may take this as an opportunity to manufacture and sell such un-patented medicines in both national...

This paper explores several characteristics of patents in the biotechnology field, comparing and contrasting them to patents in other fields of research. We find that biotechnology patents face a longer lag between application and grant date, and their secrecy would be heavily affected if...