The concept of entrepreneurship includes the establishment of a goal oriented organization with specific resource needs. Start-ups are innovative companies that are characterized by significant growth potential. New innovative start-ups overthrow the traditional ways of operation of long time...

The first generation of genetically modified (GM) crop varieties sought to increase producer profitability through cost reductions or higher yields, while the next generation of GM food research is focusing on breeding for attributes of interest to consumers. quot;Golden ricequot; has been...

The authors provide estimates of the economic impact of initial adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton and of its potential impacts beyond the few countries where it is currently common. They use the latest version of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database and model. The results...

This chapter puts forward the argument that the authoritative influence of politics conceals a powerful scientific impulse that, whilst impervious to political control, does not seem to have any predetermined strategy, yet redefining the boundaries and substance of politics in fundamental ways

In any assessment of the R&D capabilities of Indian companies, their patent holdings would have to be examined. Here we identify the number of patents assigned by four foreign governments to Indian pharmaceutical and biotechnological companies up to December 31, 2009. It is known that the United...

Venture capitalists (VCs) ideally like to invest in innovations at a nascent stage but this is inherently incorporated with huge risks (Ruhnka and Young 1991, Gompers 1995). Because it is difficult to value novel technologies at an early development stage, VCs may be herding into financing...

The present paper extends the literature investigating key drivers leading certain patents to exert a stronger influence on the subsequent technological developments (inventions) than other ones. We investigated six key determinants, as (i) the use of scientific knowledge, (ii) the breadth of...