Biotechnology is the key technology of the 21st century. Nanotechnology is about to follow, but has not met the expectations yet. However, expectations are high of finding better treatments to common diseases. Research tools, on one hand, are the fundamental toolkit to develop diagnostics and...

Intellectual property occupies a central position in the biotechnology innovation system, the expected source of new medicines, foods and bio-energy. An international and inter-disciplinary research team has convened for the last seven years in an attempt to better understand the mechanisms of...

To understand how to shape United States patent law to further the development and dissemination of biotechnology, it is necessary to understand the nature of the American biotechnology enterprise as a scientific, governmental, and industrial whole. Publicly funded research still plays a...

This paper sketches a co-evolutionary model of the change dynamics characterizing industries submitted to radical transformation of their technological-institutional-economic structures. These structural changes take place within a rather long-term dynamics of innovation whose trajectory and...

This article evaluates TRIPS-level patent protection as an incentive mechanism for biotechnology innovation in India. Recent enhancements to India's patent laws, a new acceptance of biotechnology patents by the Indian judiciary, and an expanding global demand for generic bio-pharmaceuticals all...

This paper examines firm characteristics and external firm linkages as determinants of merger and acquisition activities. The results of the empirical analysis based on in-depth interviews with experts in the biotechnology industry and a unique survey dataset on German biotechnology firms...

Concerns over global public health crises, especially as they relate to less-developed countries are dominated by the issue of access-freeze to life-saving drugs. Without discounting the problem of access to essential drugs, this article shifts attention from that conventional discourse and...

The first hue was raised when the BT Cotton was approved as a commercial GM crop in India. The events that followed (mass farmer suicides, farmers’ unrest and resistance all over the Deccan region) ensured that it was the first and the last GM crop to be approved and adopted. Therefore, the...

According to regime theory, inequities in the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement has provided a catalyst for counter-regime dynamics against TRIPS and the greater international intellectual property system (IIPS). The post-TRIPS regime analyses of the IIPS...

Because of the research and investment intensive nature, biotechnology has a very high importance in the light of patent regime. Issues surrounding ownership of genes and genetically modified humans, moral and identity dangers inherent in human cloning and genetic modification of human beings,...