this effort is the ability to identify, recruit and deploy Covert Human Intelligence Sources (CHIS). It is therefore … paradoxical that the United Kingdom's CHIS authorisations have been in steep decline since the enactment of the bespoke Regulation … decline in CHIS authorisations are to be found in a complex configuration of factors. Two stand out as significant; i) the …

This research examines the possibilities for covert human intelligence sources (CHIS) handlers to gather financial … confiscation. This is intended to provide balance with the traditional CHIS focus on commodities such as drugs, stolen goods, and … investigation techniques and CHIS remains unanswered. Financial gain is a strategic priority for OCGs and most offenders but …

technique. Two sets of questionnaire were used for data collection. chis - square model was used to test the hypothesized …