utility with functionings and capabilities. While the origins of this “capabilities approach” go back to the works of John … capabilities approach that may be impossible to capture in a single formalization. Nevertheless, the capability approach itself has …

critiques, Martha Nussbaum argues that abandoning universalism leads to ethical relativism. Adapting Amartya Sen's capabilities … approach, she has proposed a modified universalism that draws on cross-cultural conversations as a non-ethnocentric basis for …