from the literature on graphical causal modeling. It is assumed that the fundamental source of trending behavior is …

from the literature on graphical causal modeling. It is assumed that the fundamental source of trending behavior is …

David Freedman's critique of causal modeling in the social and biomedical sciences was fundamental. In his view, the … alternatives to causal modeling assuming that David Freedman's perspective on modeling is correct. In addition to randomized …

David Freedman’s critique of causal modeling in the social and biomedical sciences was fundamental. In his view, the … alternatives to causal modeling assuming that David Freedman’s perspective on modeling is correct. In addition to randomized …