Traditionally, Parisian ruin is said to occur when the insurer's surplus process has stayed below level zero continuously for a certain grace period. Inspired by this concept, in this paper we propose a modification by assuming that once a grace period has been granted when the surplus becomes...

Faced with the need to adjust public pension systems to meet changing demographic, economic and social conditions, most developed countries have created government reserve funds to ensure macroeconomic sustainability. This paper aims to study the importance that this reserve fund plays in the...

We consider the optimal dividend problem in the so-called degenerate bivariate risk model under the assumption that the surplus of one branch may become negative. More specific, we solve the stochastic control problem of maximizing discounted dividends until simultaneous ruin of both branches of...