There is an ongoing debate about how to moderate toxic speech on social media and the impact of content moderation on online discourse. This paper proposes and validates a methodology for measuring the content-moderation-induced distortions in online discourse using text embeddings from...

The modern digital public sphere requires effective content moderation systems that balance the interests of states, technology companies, and the public. This article examines how two pieces of legislation establish regulatory intermediaries in an attempt to strike this balance: the EU's...

Indonesia's content moderation framework, governed by MOCI Regulation No. 5/2020, is often criticized for its lack of transparency, inconsistent enforcement, and broad legal definitions that risk overreach and censorship if applied indiscriminately. While efforts have been made to enhance the...

The Digital Services Act (DSA) marks a paradigmatic shift in platform governance, introducing mechanisms like the Statement of Reasons (SoRs) database to foster transparency and observability of platforms' content moderation practices. This study investigates the DSA Transparency Database as a...