This paper takes a closer look at the way unobserved characteristics of individuals confound wages and firm tenure. In turn of our structural analysis, which is built on estimating a reduced form for tenure and a structural wage equation, we disentangle returns to a latent type variable from...

This paper surveys the empirical evidence on casual effects of education on earnings for Germany and compares alternatie studies in the light of their underlying identifying assumptions. We work out the different assumptions taken by various studies, which lead to rather different...