Ardakani, Omid M.; Levine, Lindsay R. - In: Review of Economic Analysis : REA 18 (2026) 1, pp. 159-181
We examine tail dependence between consumer sentiment and spending during crises, focusing on COVID-19 and the Global Financial Crisis. Using copula models on U.S. monthly data from 2003-2024, we quantify extreme co-movements and find asymmetric tail dependence that intensifies during crises:...