Geographical indications (GIs) refer to signs or symbols used on products that have specific geographical origin and possess quality, reputation or distinctive characteristics linked to their place of origin. Hailed as an important tool to protect the living cultural and gastronomic heritage,...

In a three-country Customs Union (CU) formation game, I introduce international trade in intermediate inputs and Rules of Origin (RoO) restrictions. In the case of symmetric countries, I show that as countries become more involved in global supply chains, global free trade is less likely to be a...

Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) usually come with restrictions on the use of intermediate inputs in order for final goods to qualify for free trade. I focus on Rules of Origin (RoO), which limit expenses on nonmember country's intermediate inputs. In a three-country FTA formation game, I introduce...