commodity spreads (e.g., spark spread and crack spread) are thoroughly investigated …

in the 2000s after rising steadily throughout the 1980s and 1990s. This paper evaluates the role of crack cocaine in …-movement between the prevalence of crack cocaine and homicides. Second, using city-level apprehension and possession data, I find a … strong elasticity of violent crime with respect to crack cocaine after controlling for year, city effects, and many time …

el mercado de valores, sobre todo después del precedente que supuso el denominado Crack de 1929. …

in the 2000s after rising steadily throughout the 1980s and 1990s. This paper evaluates the role of crack cocaine in …-movement between the prevalence of crack cocaine and homicides. Second, using city-level apprehension and possession data, I find a … strong elasticity of violent crime with respect to crack cocaine after controlling for year, city effects, and many time …

, including the deformation of pavement at the entrance and the crack pattern of the tunnel lining, correspond well with the field … certain scope of the tunnel portal and that the extent of each crack decreases with its increasing distance from the entrance … of hairline cracks, the strengthening effect of reinforcement remarkably reduces the maximum width of crack openings and …

process, the spatial distribution characteristics of the surface crack and the construction process of the foundation pit. A … the critical external factor inducing the formation and growth of crack, and rainfall intensifies the deformation …

attributed to the crack sites initiated at the oxide layer. The fracture surface analyses also revealed that the number of crack …