This paper is motivated by the empirical observation that in many studies the elasticity of output with respect to labour is often negative and/or insignificant. The present study applies multiple output models to estimate the technical efficiency of enterprises in the international electricity,...

Non-radial measures of technical efficiency essentially differ from their radial counterparts in that the product mix of the efficient reference is allowed to be different from the product mix of the evaluated observation. Whereas existing non-radial measures are still based on the product mix...