Two totally different sets of efficiency scores are obtained under two different consumer decision-making processes. It is found that distortions in the used car market are lower than previously thought. Cars with higher prices are perceived efficient when consumers set 'price range' as the...

This paper presents a decomposition of the Malmquist productivity index, which measures productivity growth between two groups of decision-making units that are subject to different incentive structures. The advantage of this index is that it shows, in addition to the usual technical efficiency...