Despite the remarkable growth rate in the past three decades, China has been also experiencing serious misallocation, which gradually manifests its severe impediment for further development of China's economy. By introducing the index of unit factor cost, we construct a new framework of...

We have performed a decomposition of Russia's GDP growth rates to assess the current state of the Russian economy. Basic production factors (labour, capital, total factor productivity) in 2018 contributed to the growth around 1.6 p.p. Global crude oil prices posted a negative contribution of...

This work aims at estimating the gender pay gap within the French ministries. For a long time people considered that, because of the sophisticated organization of the French public service, its mode of recruiting and promoting (through competitive exams and precise career ladder) and its way of...

South Africa faces a triple challenge of inequality, unemployment and poverty. Added to these three is a plethora of other socio, political and economic problems that the country is facing. Inequality has been a persistent problem the country has been trying to annihilate but with no sight of it...

The financial planning industry has been identified as having one of the largest gender pay gaps. This study examines whether male and female financial planners receive equal pay for equal work. Using detailed data on the backgrounds and practices of 710 financial planners, an unadjusted pay gap...

Inequalities in the opportunity to obtain a good education in low-income countries are widely understood to be related to household resources and schooling quality. Yet, to date, most researchers have investigated the contributions of these two factors separately. This paper considers them...

We analyze the link between the presence of female managers and the size of the firm-level gender pay gap, looking separately at the private and public sector. Using a large linked employer-employee dataset for Poland and a non-parametric and parametric decompositions, we find that higher...

Wages grow and become more unequal as workers age. Economic theory focuses on worker investment in human capital, search for employers, and residual wage shocks to account for these life cycle wage dynamics. We highlight the importance of jobs: collections of tasks and duties defined by...

Total factor productivity change, here defined as output quantity change divided by input quantity change, is the combined result of (technical) efficiency change, technological change, a scale effect, and input and output mix effects. Sometimes allocative efficiency change is supposed to also...

The change subsequent to the sub-prime crisis pushed pressure on decreased financial products complexity, going from exotics to vanilla options but increase in pricing efficiency. We introduce in this paper a more efficient methodology for vanilla option pricing using a scenario based particle...