The primary objective of this paper is to trace the evolution of five-year development plans that have been formulated in Malaysia since the 1950s. Both internal and external factors have influenced the formulation and implementation of these plans. State bureaucracies played a crucial role in...

Beyond fostering economic growth, policymakers in Malaysia have had to grapple conceptually and operationally with income inequalities between different parts of the country. Beyond its complexity, this challenge has also changed over time - in line with Malaysia's increasing wealth and...