Substantial research in development economics has highlighted the presence of weak institutions, market failures, and distortions in developing countries. Yet much of the knowledge generated in international trade comes from workhorse models that abstract from these frictions. This review...

There are theoretical and discipline field links between career development and human resource development however, interdisciplinary dialogue between the two fields has been essentially limited to one way dialogue. This one way dialogue occurs from within the human resource development field...

The evidentiary data detailing the economic state of low-income developing and least developed countries ('LDC's) is both well known and relatively uncontroversial. On the whole, these nations can be characterised as having a low per capita gross domestic product ('GDP'), unfortunate standards...

In this paper I discuss the effectiveness of foreign aid from a historical perspective. I show that foreign aid is a relatively new concept in economics, and I emphasize the role of exchange rate policies in the foreign aid controversies of the 1970s through 1990s. I show that in the early 1980s...

This paper refutes Gregory Clark's chauvinist view that European countries are superior to the Asian ones, because they have been so. This paper proves that Clark's empirical result is merely a movement along an isoquant with no implication on productivity. Then, this paper works out a similar...

Several assessment of vulnerability and resilience have been attempted at a country level through composite indices but they are barely in accord with a holistic view of sustainable development. We suggest graph theory to structure a network of variables that depict vulnerability and resilience...

This working paper has been thoroughly revised and superseded by two distinct articles, both available at SSRN. The first focuses on developing theory with literature reviews: Okoli, Chitu. The View from Giants' Shoulders: Developing Theory with Theory-Mining Systematic Literature Reviews. SSRN...

This Paper assesses the applicability of the Lewis theory of development to the Nigerian economy. Nigeria has both rural and urban sectors that provide for each forward and backward linkages and as such, the two sectors are not mutually exclusive in promoting the economic growth of the country...