In this paper, we show how simple pre-averaging can be applied to measure the ex-post covariance of high-frequency financial time series under market microstructure noise and non-synchronous trading. A modulated realised covariance based on pre-averaged data is proposed and studied in this...

In this survey, we review econometric models for conducting statistical inference on option price data. We limit our review to European options on a stock index as well as to statistical methods which have been specifically developped for options. Emphasis is put on the synthesis of the various...