The Navier–Stokes transport coefficients of a granular gas are obtained from the Chapman–Enskog solution to the Boltzmann equation. The granular gas is heated by the action of an external driving force (thermostat) which does work to compensate for the collisional loss of energy. Two types...

Gas molecular motions around a laser opto-microengine are numerically simulated by direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. We propose an opto-microengine that acts as a micro-actuator in which optical energy is supplied by a laser beam. The opto-microengine is rotated by molecular gas...