The present study examines factors that might explain the difference between female and male industry wage premia. It focuses on three industry characteristics in particular--the extent to which firms in each industry were likely to be targeted for Affirmation Action compliance review or...

This paper examines evidence on employment practices in the U.S. with respect to race and the impact of governmental anti-bias activity on these practices. It shows a striking difference in the responses of American employers to job applications differing in race from the responses of British...