We investigated the productivity disparities of the small commercial banks of old European Union member countries (EU-12) and new European Union member countries (EU-10) over the 1997–2001 period in this study. Bank categorisation and comparison is based on banks' total assets size and...

The question of whether an industry experiencing rapid structural change will demonstrate productivity growth at the same time is unresolved. This paper uses a panel data sample of European airlines over the period of partial market liberalisation (1991–1995) to investigate whether...

The duality between measures of economic and technical efficiency has been extensively studied in the productive efficiency analysis. This duality ensures a meaningful interpretation of technical efficiency as economic efficiency evaluated at the most favorable shadow prices. This paper...

The aim of this paper is to test the temporal variation of technical efficiency of the Spanish Savings Banks during the period 1985-1994. Furthermore, a stochastic output distance function (Shephard, 1970) is employed to accommodate multiple output technology. The distance function provides the...

Environmental regulation has become more and more important in policy making among the world economies. How has it affected productivity growth and hence economic growth? The answer to this question is either controversial or yet to be explored in many cases. The objective of this paper is to...