Classification Numbers. L10, L20, L40. Keywords. horizontal mergers, double-marginalization, successive oligopoly Address … rise to double-marginalization. This analysis is made relevant by recent consolidation at the retail level in both Europe … that an increase in concentration which increases the extent of double marginalization would unambiguously worsen the …

their actions on that supplier’s and thus, their rivals’ sales. Double marginalization is enhanced. While vertical …

It is well known that the double marginalization problem in the vertical relation can be eliminated by collusion, but … partially eliminate inefficiency caused by double marginalization. It suggests that introducing callback services or internet …

. Separate licensing creates a double-marginalization problem. Moreover manufacturers must sink a fixed cost to enter the product … an effective way to trigger the emergence of a stable pool solving both the double-marginalization and hold-up problems …