Electricity consumption in Europe is constantly increasing, despite the fact that in recent years, huge efforts in terms of programs and regulations have been made towards energy demand reduction and energy systems improvement. Since the electricity demand affects both the operation of the...

In spite of the fact that Spain is one of the EU countries with the highest solar resource on annual basis, the huge seasonal variation in solar radiation availability and the relatively short period with heating demand, make it difficult to reach significant contributions of solar energy to the...