Given the high benefits of early education, it is particularly noteworthy that new studies of child development during and shortly after the coronavirus pandemic show negative effects on children. This is true for cognitive and non-cognitive skills as well as mental health. Children from low SES...

Gender disparity is present in many aspects of life, especially in politics. This paper provides new evidence on the impact of women's education on political representation focusing on several European countries. We combine multi-country data from the Gender Statistics Database of the European...

We estimate the causal effect of pandemic school closures on standardized test scores in Australia using variation in the length of school closures across states. States independently implemented school closures as part of Australia’s successful COVID elimination strategy. School closures in...

Islam stipulates its adherents to abide by religious principles in their economic transactions. The aim of this study is twofold. First, it accounts for the adherence of Shariah board members of Islamic banks with the Fit and Proper Criteria (FAPC) promulgated by State Bank of Pakistan (SBP)....