Congestion charging has been floated as an efficient way of managing travel demand in urban areas, reducing traffic congestion and externalities as well as raising revenues to fund transportation improvements. Moreover, the policy maker who faces heavy traffic congestion now considers it as a...

Accepting that all models are wrong, whilst some are useful (G.E.P. Box), this paper will describe how the bootstrap technique has been applied to forecasting for Rolls-Royce, in order to develop a more robust decision support framework that can deliver on the promise of being more useful....

The research was aimed at the development of an optimal road fund allocation model for road maintenance to three road agencies in Ghana. The objective was to compare a novel model by multicriteria analysis (MCA) with deterministic outcome and a model based on preferential analysis to determine...

Since 1958 more than 80 journal papers from the mainstream ergonomics literature have used either the words 'complex' or 'complexity' in their titles. Of those, more than 90% have been published in only the past 20 years. This observation communicates something interesting about the way in which...

The cognitive work analysis framework continues to attract increasing attention from the human factors and ergonomics community. Conversely, hierarchical task analysis has been, and remains, the most popular of all human factors and ergonomics methods. This article compares the two approaches in...

There have been approximately 400 third sector organisations set up across the UK since the 1970s with the primary function of collecting used furniture and electrical appliances and re-distributing them for the relief of hardship. In addition to the resulting socio-economic outputs of these...

Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950) is well known as an economist, among other things, for his seminal contribution explaining long-term economic growth in terms of innovation and technological progress. He identified innovation at the heart of upswings in the so-called ‘Kondratiev waves’ that...

The Swedish social security system contains a mechanism referred to as an automatic balancing mechanism (ABM) that adjusts the rate credited to contributor accounts and the amount of increase in pensions in payment when liabilities exceed assets. The Swedish social security system also includes...

This paper reports on work undertaken in the UK as part of a PhD project funded by the EPSRC through Rail Research UK. The aim of this project was to develop a range of methods for forecasting the demand for new local railway stations with particular emphasis on the use of GIS. Existing methods...

This is an evaluation of estimates of the costs of adaptation made by the United NationsFramework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2007 and by some preceding studies(UNFCCC, 2007; Stern, 2006; World Bank, 2006; Oxfam, 2007; UNDP, 2007). The costs havebeen used as the basis for discussion regarding the...