The paper provides a descriptive analysis of both the early impacts of COVID on business activity among immigrants and the economic recovery over the next few years. The findings indicate that immigrant business owners were disproportionately affected by COVID in the first month of the pandemic...

The paper provides a descriptive analysis of both the early impacts of COVID on business activity among immigrants and the economic recovery over the next few years. The findings indicate that immigrant business owners were disproportionately affected by COVID in the first month of the pandemic...

The COVID-19 pandemic ended a long period of subdued inflation in Japan and renewed attention to the role of expectations in the transmission of monetary policy. This paper analyzes how Japanese households formed inflation expectations between 2006 and 2022, focusing on periods of unconventional...