This paper analyses the effect of military expenditure on economic growth. With various channels through which military expenditure may influence economic growth, much of the defense economics literature has found inconsistent results. This study is based on the national defense expense for the...

This paper quantifies the effects of introducing a single open-ended contract for new hires, with increasing severance payments as an alternative to the current situation in Spain, where both temporary and permanent contracts are available. One of the reasons for the excessive job destruction in...

The EU Climate and Energy Package has recently became a hot topic in Poland due to the fact that the first important emission reductions will be introduced in 2013. Moreover, Polish economy is relatively CO2 intensive, as most of the electricity and heat generation is based on coal and some of...

The establishment of the currently negotiated Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the EU and Ukraine is the next significant step towards Ukraine’s deeper integration into the world economy, widely expected to result in additional welfare gains. Theory suggests that trade liberalization is...

The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), which was signed by the government of Sudan and the Sudanese People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM) ended more than 20 years of civil war. According to the CPA, the Sudan’s government has 50% of the oil exploited from the wells existing in the south in...

High and increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have remained an urgent priority on the international political agenda since the first Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 1990) and evidence suggests that immediate global action to curb GHG emissions is...

CGE models usually assume extremes of factor mobility: factors either move between industries without cost or they do not move at all. With the assumption of mobile factors, simulations lead to reallocation of factors among different sectors of the economy which often vary strongly in factor...

Developing economies, like Nigeria, have historically been reluctant to admitting more than a moderate degree of exchange rate flexibility due to the fear that such variations might feed into domestic prices. The potential vulnerability of small and open economies to exchange rate pass-through...

Switzerland is already and will continue to be affected by climate change. In its fourth assessment report, the IPCC indeed predicts a temperature increase of approximately 2 °C during winter and 2.5 °C during summer until 2050 compared to 1990 levels. By then, precipitation is estimated to...

The Copenhagen Accord sets the target for the post-Kyoto international climate framework that limits global temperature increase below 2 degree Celsius above pre-industrial levels. In order to achieve this target, the allocation of emission quotas among countries is discussed. In this paper, we...