This paper characterizes the nonlinear relation between oil price change and GDP growth, focusing on the panel data of various industrialized countries. Toward this end, the paper extends a flexible nonlinear inference to the panel data analysis where the random error components are incorporated...

A general formulation of Mixed Proportional Hazard models with K random effects is provided. It enables to account for a population stratified at K different levels. We then show how to approximate the partial maximum likelihood estimator using an EM algorithm. In a Monte Carlo study, the...