The direct evolutionary approach according to Leininger (2003) states that players in a two player Tullock rent-seeking contest within a finite population behave "as if" they were relative payoff maximizers. Accordingly contest expenditures are higher than in Nash equilibrium. The indirect...

We prove that any deterministic evolutionary dynamic satisfying four mild requirements fails to eliminate strictly dominated strategies in some games. We also show that existing elimination results for evolutionary dynamics are not robust to small changes in the specifications of the dynamics....

This paper aims to analyze subjects' behavior in an experiment on evolutionary process of prisoners' dilemma game. The experiment has been designed by using sixteen one-shot prisoners' dilemma games with payoffs perturbation and random matching players under perfect information. The subjects of...

This paper studies the formation of social norms for considerate smoking behavior. Being considerate gives smokers a higher social approval from non-smokers, but imposes an inconvenience cost. A non-smoker's disapproval of inconsiderate smoking is assumed to be stronger the less used he is to...

We introduce a generalized theoretical approach to study imitation models and subject themodels to rigorous experimental testing. In our theoretical analysis we find that the differentpredictions of previous imitation models are due to different informational assumptions, notto different...