Two striking facts about international capital flows in emerging economies motivate this paper: (1) Governments hold large amounts of international reserves, for which they obtain a return lower than their borrowing cost. (2) Purchases of domestic assets by nonresidents and purchases of foreign...

The G-20 Data Gaps Initiative has called for the IMF to develop standard measures of tail risk, which we identify in this paper with systemic risk. To understand the conditions under which tail risk is present, it is first necessary to develop a measure of what constitutes a systemic stress, or...

The SMEs financing issue in the current post crisis context has changed. The access and the new financing conditions complicate the restart of engines of the development for all types of firm’s activity. The paper presents an analysis of possible innovative financing solutions, particularly...

A world dominated by a long difficult economic period is likely to have deeper negative effects on all business aspects. Mergers and acquisitions sector is one of the sectors affected by crisis and the problems that will occur during 2013 are expected to be bigger and to represent a great...