Consisting of well over three thousand treaties and seventy thousand legal provisions, international investment law (IIL) constitutes a complex and often impenetrable field for research. While each treaty stands legally on its own, the juridical and historical interlinkages between them are...

FET claims are brought more frequently against economically less well-off States and how the value of the claims poses a challenge to their economies. While reasonable, minds can differ as to the cause of this phenomenon, that is, whether this is due to any particular targeting of the developing...

This article explores the involvement of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in investor-state arbitration, with a specific focus on their growing recognition as amici curiae, or friends of the court. This paper discusses the significance of NGO arguments in addressing failed water...

Foreign investment is the backbone of Maldives economy. However, the proliferation of investment arbitration against the Maldives may deeply hamper its investment regime. Since Maldives Foreign Investment Law does not refers to any preferred mode of dispute settlement, every investment agreement...