banking system through the fractional-reserve banking (FRB) system. Findings Based on this investigation, most Shariah … scholars are unaware of and confused about the mechanics underpinning the creation of money, especially with respect to FRB as …

(STB) policies. We employ thematic content analysis to examine how the 'independent' Federal Reserve Board (FRB) under Alan …. Results suggest Greenspan's advocacy failed to preserve FRB independence by taking a political position using impression … management techniques mirroring White House strategies. Greenspan's stance was inconsistent with the FRB's charter, setting a …