This paper proposes new inverse data envelopment analysis (DEA) models considering input and output efficiency measures for the time substitution problem. We compare our DEA model with existing models in the literature. We show that existing models in the literature overestimate the required...

This paper examines the extent to which aggregate-level de-routinization can be attributed to firm-level technology adoption during the most recent technological expansion. We use administrative data and a novel firm survey to distinguish frontier technologies from older technologies. We find...

This paper provides one of the first estimates of elasticities of substitution across suppliers within the same product. This paper estimates these elasticities using new real-time administrative tax data on firm-to-firm transactions, with product-level prices and quantities, leveraging...

This paper provides evidence of capital-labor substitution in the production of religious goods. Using data on church attendance, tithing, and income from the U.S. Congregational Life Survey, I show that (A) the labor input to religious production (as measured by attendance at formal church...

This paper examines the nonlinear propagation of sectoral productivity shocks in a general equilibrium framework with intersectoral linkages characterized by allowing elasticities of substitution in sectoral outputs and sectoral productivities to vary across sector pairs. Evidence based on a...