The emergence of mobile applications (apps) that utilize sharing economy concepts has revolutionized multiple industries, including transportation, accommodation, healthcare, and other sectors. With the nature of massive data collection and sharing policies, these platforms create serious...

As cities increasingly embrace shared e-scooter services (ESS) to reduce urban congestion and carbon emissions, research has primarily emphasized operational efficiency, neglecting consumer satisfaction and infrastructure adequacy. Addressing this gap, this study develops a comprehensive ESS...