racial fractionalization; Alesina et al. (1999) found a lower degree of public goods provision in ethnically fragmented …-shaped relationship between redistribution and ethnic fractionalization and polarization across US states.28 27The parameters used in this … relationship between fractionalization and redistribution is U-shaped, but do unfortunately not state the sign of the square of …

range. Furthermore, we analyze whether the effect of ethnic fractionalization is the same in different regions, particularly … focusing on Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. Secondly, we empirically investigate, if ethnic fractionalization might be … ethnic fractionalization in order to determine if the result empirically indicates this multidimensionality of the index of …

investigates the hypotheses that a country’s exposure to external risk and ethnic fractionalization are correlated with labor … positive correlation between external risk and the structure of labor market institutions, while ethnic fractionalization is …

. Statistically significant variables include the degree of ethnic fractionalization and an index of democracy, both of which were …