April 2000 - Environmental improvements should be sought from different polluters (public or private, producer or consumer, rich or poor) at the same cost, regardless of the nature of the polluting activity. Under a plausible structure of monitoring costs, emissions standards play a central...

July 1999 - Efficiency indicators can be useful to regulators assessing the efficiency of an operation and the wedge between tariff and minimum costs. They allow regulators to control for factors over which the operators have no control (such as diversity of water sources, or water quality or...

New and unusually rich panel data for Bulgarian companies during late communism and early transition were used to investigate the determinants of productive efficiency. Compared to conventional production functions, stochastic frontier models were found to be the preferred specifications....