The risk profles of investors play an important role in the success of derivative products investments. It is also necessary to determine the appropriate investor profle according to the conditions of a country. This protects investors from major losses. Therefore, there is a strong need for a...

The shortage of young people in agriculture and the decline of rural areas are increasingly pressing issues that capture the attention of European policymakers and researchers. Despite the low rate of youth involved in agricultural production, recent data reveal a significant proportion of young...

Sustainability has become a critical concern for many destinations seeking to revitalize their tourism industry while also dealing with issues stemming from climate change. To address these challenges, practical strategies to manage the harmful effects of the environmental crisis are necessary....

Due to the escalating electricity demand from industrialization and modernization, it is imperative to explore clean and sustainable energy sources. Solar energy has become a feasible solution for this surging demand. Solar panels, vital components of solar power systems, are crucial in...

Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods are crucial for addressing complex real-world problems with multiple conflicting criteria. One of the most common MCDM methods is the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method, which combines the weighted sum (WSM) and weighted...

In this paper, we propose the Two-Echelon Location-Routing Problem with Fuzzy Demand (2E-LRP-FD) of the " county-township-village" e-commerce logistics network. Firstly, a bi-objective model of profit maximization of logistics enterprises considering government subsidies and carbon emissions...

This study proposes a novel approach to fuzzy N-soft sets for handling cases where membership degree and grade are not related. In the standard model of fuzzy N-soft sets, membership degree and grade are assumed to be directly proportional. This assumption may not hold true in real-world...

Probabilistic dual hesitant fuzzy set (PDHFS), as a decision information preference combining membership degree (MD) and non-membership degree (NMD) and probability, is an important tool to express uncertain information powerfully. It is well known that distance measures are very useful tools in...