This study utilized both single-regime GARCH and double-regime GARCH models to investigate oil price volatility, Spanish macroeconomic factors, and stock prices during major crises such as geopolitical conflicts, the global financial crisis (GFC), and COVID-19, covering the period from Q2-1995...

This study utilized both single-regime GARCH and double-regime GARCH models to investigate oil price volatility, Spanish macroeconomic factors, and stock prices during major crises such as geopolitical conflicts, the global financial crisis (GFC), and COVID-19, covering the period from Q2-1995...

Despite the rise in markets for cryptocurrencies at an outstanding pace, with consistently high trading volume and market capitalization, the increasing volatility of the virtual currencies raise various concerns. One of the major concerns is regarding (in)efficiency, viz. whether there exist...

Despite the rise in markets for cryptocurrencies at an outstanding pace, with consistently high trading volume and market capitalization, the increasing volatility of the virtual currencies raise various concerns. One of the major concerns is regarding (in)efficiency, viz. whether there exist...