This paper develops a bi-level optimization model for voluntary demand-side flexibility. The Distribution System Operator, in the Upper Level, maximizes welfare by investing in the network and setting the flexibility compensation. Consumers, in the Lower Level, can be prosumers and commercial...

We describe a Blockchain-based, peer-to-peer network of distributed computers solving arbitrary, strictly- defined problems for a financial incentive in the form of a cryptographic currency. The computational problems are signed and posted to the blockchain in a contract describing the minimal...

This articles presents a new series of maps showing the climate and environmental variability of Botswana. Situated in southern Africa, Botswana has an arid to semi-arid climate, which significantly varies in its different regions: Kalahari Desert, Makgadikgadi Pan and Okavango Delta. While...

This task provides network clustering strategies and cluster header preference in wireless sensor networks to increase the efficiency of the link pool over its lifetime. The routing rule set is used to cluster wireless sensors in the community, using the leaching protocol as a benchmark. This...

As climate change sharpens the focus on our electricity systems, there is widespread agreement that the institutions that govern our electric grid must change to realize a clean energy future in the timescale necessary. Scholars are actively debating how grid governance needs to change, but in...