the US pharmaceutical industry. We estimate the effect of patent length and scope on generic entry prior to the expiration … allocation of patent applications to examiners. We find that extending effective patent length increases generic entry whereas … of new drug development, generic entry, and patent length and scope. Optimal policy calls for shorter but broader …

the US pharmaceutical industry. We estimate the effect of patent length and scope on generic entry prior to the expiration … allocation of patent applications to examiners. We find that extending effective patent length increases generic entry whereas … of new drug development, generic entry, and patent length and scope. Optimal policy calls for shorter but broader …

In this paper we study the e¤ect of reference pricing on pharmaceutical prices and expenditures when generic entry is … price cap regulation, we show that the negative effect on generic entry can be reversed, and that reference pricing is more … effects of reference pricing on generic entry. …