The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) was adopted at the Convention on Biological Diversity's (CBD) 15th Conference of the Parties (COP) in December 2022. Hailed as a historic landmark for biodiversity conservation and agreed upon by 195 countries, the GBF consists of four...

The effect of exchange rate regimes on economic performance is one of the key questions in international economics, both academically and policy-wise. Based on the theory of Optimum Currency Areas (OCA), we examine how labor market regulations affect the relationship between exchange rate...

This paper provides a snapshot of the digital capabilities of government-recognizedidentification (ID) systems across three dimensions: (i) digitally stored records; (ii) digital verification or authentication for in-person transactions; and (iii) digital authentication for online transactions....